by George Whittaker Introduction

In today's fast-paced IT environments, performance, reliability, and scalability are critical factors that determine the effectiveness of a network. Advanced Linux networking techniques such as VLAN trunking, interface bonding, and Quality of Service (QoS) are key tools in the hands of system administrators and network engineers who aim to build robust and efficient systems. Whether you're managing a data center, configuring high-availability clusters, or optimizing bandwidth for critical services, these technologies provide the foundation for high-performance networking on Linux.

This article explores each of these advanced networking capabilities, explaining their benefits, configurations, and practical use cases. By the end, you will have a comprehensive understanding of how to implement VLANs, bonding, and QoS effectively on your Linux systems.

Understanding VLAN Trunking in Linux What is VLAN Trunking?

Virtual LANs (VLANs) allow the segmentation of a physical network into multiple logical networks. VLAN trunking is the process of transporting multiple VLANs over a single network link—typically between switches or between a switch and a server. This allows a single network interface card (NIC) to handle traffic for multiple VLANs, optimizing resource usage and simplifying cabling.

Trunking is crucial in virtualized environments where multiple virtual machines (VMs) or containers need to reside in separate VLANs for security or organizational reasons.

Why Use VLAN Trunking?

• Isolation: Separates traffic for security and compliance.

• Efficiency: Reduces the number of physical interfaces needed.

• Scalability: Makes it easy to add or modify VLANs without physical changes.

Linux Support for VLANs

Linux supports VLANs natively via the kernel module 8021q. The modern toolset uses the ip command from the iproute2 package for configuration. Older systems may use the vconfig utility, though it's now deprecated.

Ensure the module is loaded:

sudo modprobe 8021q

Creating VLAN Interfaces

Use the ip command:

sudo ip link add link eth0 name eth0.10 type vlan id 10 sudo ip addr add 192.168.10.1/24 dev eth0.10 sudo ip link set dev eth0.10 up

Persistent Configuration

On Ubuntu (netplan):

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Hello community, here we have another set of package updates.

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• Find out all about our current Gaming Laptop the Hero with Manjaro pre-installed from Spain!
• Protect your personal data, keep yourself safe with Surfshark VPN: See current promotion

Recent News

• Development | Q&A | Zotac Gaming ZONE
• Manjaro 25.0 Zetar released
• Manjaro Summit public Alpha now available
• As of Linux 6.13.12, the 6.13 series is now EOL (End Of Life). Please install 6.14 stable and/or 6.12 LTS (Long Term Support).

Valkey to replace Redis in the [extra] Repository (click for more details) Previous News Finding information easier about Manjaro (click for more details) Notable Package Updates

• Firefox 138.0.4
• Phosh 0.47.0
• Vivaldi 7.4
• NVIDIA 570.153.02

Additional Info Python 3.13 info (click for more details) Info about AUR packages (click for more details)

Get our latest daily developer images now from Github: Plasma, GNOME, XFCE. You can get the latest stable releases of Manjaro from CDN77.

Our current supported kernels

• linux54 5.4.293
• linux510 5.10.237
• linux515 5.15.183
• linux61 6.1.139
• linux66 6.6.91
• linux612 6.12.29
• linux614 6.14.7
• linux615 6.15-rc7
• linux61-rt 6.1.134_rt51
• linux66-rt 6.6.87_rt54
• linux612-rt 6.12.16_rt9
• linux613-rt 6.13_rt5
• linux614-rt 6.14.0_rt3

Package Changes (Tue May 20 08:26:38 CEST 2025)

• testing core x86_64: 15 new and 17 removed package(s)
• testing extra x86_64: 950 new and 1068 removed package(s)
• testing multilib x86_64: 5 new and 5 removed package(s)

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The post 10 Must-Know Linux Commands You Probably Missed – Part 4 first appeared on Tecmint: Linux Howtos, Tutorials & Guides .

Welcome back to our ongoing journey through the world of powerful but often overlooked Linux commands. If you’ve been following

The post 10 Must-Know Linux Commands You Probably Missed – Part 4 first appeared on Tecmint: Linux Howtos, Tutorials & Guides.

Raspberry Pi’s status LEDs are a surprisingly powerful diagnostic tool, especially for headless setups.

Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL) is now open source software. Microsoft has decided to make the code for WSL freely available 10 years after its debut.

You're reading Microsoft Open-Sources Windows Subsystem for Linux, a blog post from OMG! Ubuntu. Do not reproduce elsewhere without permission.

Hello community, here we have another set of package updates.

Current Promotions

• Find out all about our current Gaming Laptop the Hero with Manjaro pre-installed from Spain!
• Protect your personal data, keep yourself safe with Surfshark VPN: See current promotion

Recent News

• Development | Q&A | Zotac Gaming ZONE
• Manjaro 25.0 Zetar released
• Manjaro Summit public Alpha now available
• As of Linux 6.13.12, the 6.13 series is now EOL (End Of Life). Please install 6.14 stable and/or 6.12 LTS (Long Term Support).

Valkey to replace Redis in the [extra] Repository (click for more details) Previous News Finding information easier about Manjaro (click for more details) Notable Package Updates

• Firefox 138.0.4
• Thunderbird 138.0.1
• LibreOffice 24.8.7
• KDE Frameworks 6.14.0
• KDE Gear 25.04.1

Additional Info Python 3.13 info (click for more details) Info about AUR packages (click for more details)

Get our latest daily developer images now from Github: Plasma, GNOME, XFCE. You can get the latest stable releases of Manjaro from CDN77.

Our current supported kernels

• linux54 5.4.293
• linux510 5.10.237
• linux515 5.15.182
• linux61 6.1.138
• linux66 6.6.90
• linux612 6.12.28
• linux613 6.13.12 [EOL]
• linux614 6.14.6
• linux615 6.15-rc6
• linux61-rt 6.1.134_rt51
• linux66-rt 6.6.87_rt54
• linux612-rt 6.12.16_rt9
• linux613-rt 6.13_rt5
• linux614-rt 6.14.0_rt3

Package Changes

• core x86_64: 25 new and 25 removed package(s)
• extra x86_64: 2037 new and 2078 removed package(s)
• multilib x86_64: 17 new and 17 removed package(s)

A list of all package changes can be found here.

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A new version of the Vivaldi web browser is available to download, carrying changes said to make our collective “everyday browsing smoother, faster, and just a little more delightful.” How does Vivaldi 7.4 make browsing the increasingly gamified, algorithmically manipulative and AI slopified modern web more ‘delightful’? Shortcuts. More specifically, Vivaldi 7.4 gives you the ability to “fine-tune” how shortcuts behave on a per-site basis. If you want a website’s shortcuts to take priority over Vivaldi’s, you can. “It’s about putting you in control, making sure your shortcuts work where and when you need them most”, says Jon von Tetzchner, […]

You're reading Vivaldi 7.4 Update Adds New Keyboard Shortcut Controls, a blog post from OMG! Ubuntu. Do not reproduce elsewhere without permission.

Linux has evolved over time, from a minimalist interface and tools to supporting state-of-the-art interfaces and applications. In today’s modern era, a Browser is one of the most required applications on any system. Linux distros that come with a GUI by default have some browsers pre-installed, i.e., Firefox, Chromium. Other than the default installed browser, […]

Save time and effort by setting up auto format when you save files in VS Code. Let the code have good vibe.

Hello community, here we have another set of package updates. After coming back to Europe from Asia I’m about to move to a new apartment at the country side. Therefore I might be less responsive on the forum. So lets test these packages thoroughly so we can do another stable branch snap.

Current Promotions

• Find out all about our current Gaming Laptop the Hero with Manjaro pre-installed from Spain!
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Recent News

• Manjaro 25.0 Zetar released
• Manjaro Summit public Alpha now available
• As of Linux 6.13.12, the 6.13 series is now EOL (End Of Life). Please install 6.14 stable and/or 6.12 LTS (Long Term Support).

Valkey to replace Redis in the [extra] Repository (click for more details) Previous News Finding information easier about Manjaro (click for more details) Notable Package Updates

• Kernel 6.15-rc6
• Thunderbird 138.0.1
• Gitlab 18.0.0

Additional Info Python 3.13 info (click for more details) Info about AUR packages (click for more details)

Get our latest daily developer images now from Github: Plasma, GNOME, XFCE. You can get the latest stable releases of Manjaro from CDN77.

Our current supported kernels

• linux54 5.4.293
• linux510 5.10.237
• linux515 5.15.182
• linux61 6.1.138
• linux66 6.6.90
• linux612 6.12.28
• linux613 6.13.12 [EOL]
• linux614 6.14.6
• linux615 6.15-rc6
• linux61-rt 6.1.134_rt51
• linux66-rt 6.6.87_rt54
• linux612-rt 6.12.16_rt9
• linux613-rt 6.13_rt5
• linux614-rt 6.14.0_rt3

Package Changes (Sat May 17 08:08:55 CEST 2025)

• testing core x86_64: 3 new and 3 removed package(s)
• testing extra x86_64: 265 new and 330 removed package(s)
• testing multilib x86_64: 2 new and 2 removed package(s)

:: Different overlay package(s) in repository core x86_64 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- PACKAGE 20250515 20250517 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- linux615 6.15.0rc5-1 6.15.0rc6-1 linux615-headers 6.15.0rc5-1 6.15.0rc6-1 :: Different sync package(s) in repository core x86_64 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- PACKAGE 20250515 20250517 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- json-c 0.18-1 0.18-2 :: Different overlay package(s) in repository extra x86_64 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- PACKAGE 20250515 20250517 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- chromium 136.0.7103.113-1 - linux615-acpi_call 1.2.2-0.8 1.2.2-0.9 linux615-bbswitch 0.8-0.8 0.8-0.9 linux615-nvidia-470xx 470.256.02-0.7 - linux615-r8168 8.055.00-0.8 8.055.00-0.9 linux615-tp_smapi 0.44-0.1 0.44-0.2 linux615-vhba-module 20250329-0.8 20250329-0.9 one-launcher-git 0.1.0-0.6 0.1.0-0.13 thunderbird 138.0.1-1 - thunderbird-i18n-af 138.0.1-1 - thunderbird-i18n-ar 138.0.1-1 - thunderbird-i18n-ast 138.0.1-1 - thunderbird-i18n-be 138.0.1-1 - thunderbird-i18n-bg 138.0.1-1 - thunderbird-i18n-br 138.0.1-1 - thunderbird-i18n-ca 138.0.1-1 - thunderbird-i18n-cak 138.0.1-1 - thunderbird-i18n-cs 138.0.1-1 - thunderbird-i18n-cy 138.0.1-1 - thunderbird-i18n-da 138.0.1-1 - thunderbird-i18n-de 138.0.1-1 - thunderbird-i18n-dsb 138.0.1-1 - thunderbird-i18n-el 138.0.1-1 - thunderbird-i18n-en-gb 138.0.1-1 - thunderbird-i18n-en-us 138.0.1-1 - thunderbird-i18n-es-ar 138.0.1-1 - thunderbird-i18n-es-es 138.0.1-1 - thunderbird-i18n-et 138.0.1-1 - thunderbird-i18n-eu 138.0.1-1 - thunderbird-i18n-fi 138.0.1-1 - thunderbird-i18n-fr 138.0.1-1 - thunderbird-i18n-fy-nl 138.0.1-1 - thunderbird-i18n-ga-ie 138.0.1-1 - thunderbird-i18n-gd 138.0.1-1 - thunderbird-i18n-gl 138.0.1-1 - thunderbird-i18n-he 138.0.1-1 - thunderbird-i18n-hr 138.0.1-1 - thunderbird-i18n-hsb 138.0.1-1 - thunderbird-i18n-hu 138.0.1-1 - thunderbird-i18n-hy-am 138.0.1-1 - thunderbird-i18n-id 138.0.1-1 - thunderbird-i18n-is 138.0.1-1 - thunderbird-i18n-it 138.0.1-1 - thunderbird-i18n-ja 138.0.1-1 - thunderbird-i18n-ka 138.0.1-1 - thunderbird-i18n-kab 138.0.1-1 - thunderbird-i18n-kk 138.0.1-1 - thunderbird-i18n-ko 138.0.1-1 - thunderbird-i18n-lt 138.0.1-1 - thunderbird-i18n-ms 138.0.1-1 - thunderbird-i18n-nb-no 138.0.1-1 - thunderbird-i18n-nl 138.0.1-1 - thunderbird-i18n-nn-no 138.0.1-1 - thunderbird-i18n-pa-in 138.0.1-1 - thunderbird-i18n-pl 138.0.1-1 - thunderbird-i18n-pt-br 138.0.1-1 - thunderbird-i18n-pt-pt 138.0.1-1 - thunderbird-i18n-rm 138.0.1-1 - thunderbird-i18n-ro 138.0.1-1 - thunderbird-i18n-ru 138.0.1-1 - thunderbird-i18n-sk 138.0.1-1 - thunderbird-i18n-sl 138.0.1-1 - thunderbird-i18n-sq 138.0.1-1 - thunderbird-i18n-sr 138.0.1-1 - thunderbird-i18n-sv-se 138.0.1-1 - thunderbird-i18n-th 138.0.1-1 - thunderbird-i18n-tr 138.0.1-1 - thunderbird-i18n-uk 138.0.1-1 - thunderbird-i18n-uz 138.0.1-1 - thunderbird-i18n-vi 138.0.1-1 - thunderbird-i18n-zh-cn 138.0.1-1 - thunderbird-i18n-zh-tw 138.0.1-1 - tuxedo-drivers-dkms 4.13.0-1 4.13.1-1 :: Different sync package(s) in repository extra x86_64 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- PACKAGE 20250515 20250517 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- avr-gcc 14.2.0-1 15.1.0-1 baresip 3.21.0-2 3.22.0-1 bitwarden 2025.2.1-1 2025.4.2-1 broot 1.46.3-1 1.46.4-1 cargo-binstall 1.12.4-1 1.12.5-1 cargo-nextest 0.9.95-1 0.9.96-1 chromium 136.0.7103.92-1 136.0.7103.113-1 code 1.100.1-1 1.100.2-1 d2 0.6.9-1 0.7.0-1 dark-reader 4.9.105-1 4.9.106-1 doctl 1.126.0-1 1.127.0-1 dolt 1:1.53.3-1 1:1.53.5-1 electron34 34.5.5-1 34.5.6-1 electron35 35.3.0-1 35.4.0-1 electron36 36.2.0-1 36.2.1-1 emscripten 4.0.4-1 4.0.8-1 firefox-dark-reader 4.9.105-1 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17.11.2-1 18.0.0-1 gitlab-runner 17.11.1-1 18.0.1-1 gnustep-base 1.30.0-3 1.31.1-1 gnustep-make 2.9.2-1 2.9.3-1 grcov 0.9.1-1 0.10.0-1 harper 0.35.0-1 0.36.0-1 haxe 4.3.6-1 4.3.7-1 headscale 0.25.1-1 0.26.0-1 jellyfin-ffmpeg 1:7.1.1p1-1 1:7.1.1p3-1 kodi-addon-inputstream-adaptive 21.5.13-1 21.5.14-1 kotlin 2.1.20-1 2.1.21-1 kwallet 6.14.0-1 6.14.0-2 libdecor 0.2.2-1 0.2.3-1 libre 3.21.1-1 3.22.0-1 luau 0.673-1 0.674-1 matrix-synapse 1.128.0-1 1.129.0-1 mattermost-desktop 5.11.2-1 5.12.0-1 metasploit 6.4.63-1 6.4.64-1 neko 2.3.0-9 2.4.1-1 netpbm 10.86.46-2 10.86.46-3 nextcloud 31.0.4-1 31.0.5-1 nextcloud-app-mail 5.0.5-1 5.0.7-1 nodejs 23.9.0-1 23.11.1-1 nodejs-lts-iron 20.19.1-1 20.19.2-1 nodejs-lts-jod 22.14.0-2 22.15.1-1 occt 14.0.11-1 14.0.12-1 ollama 0.6.8-2 0.7.0-1 ollama-cuda 0.6.8-2 0.7.0-1 ollama-docs 0.6.8-2 0.7.0-1 ollama-rocm 0.6.8-2 0.7.0-1 onnx 1:1.17.0-5 1:1.18.0-1 openrazer-daemon 3.10.2-1 3.10.3-1 openrazer-driver-dkms 3.10.2-1 3.10.3-1 opensearch 2.19.1-2 2.19.2-1 opensearch-alerting-plugin 2.19.1.0-1 2.19.2.0-1 opensearch-analysis-icu-plugin 2.19.1-2 2.19.2-1 opensearch-analysis-kuromoji-plugin 2.19.1-2 2.19.2-1 opensearch-analysis-nori-plugin 2.19.1-2 2.19.2-1 opensearch-analysis-phonetic-plugin 2.19.1-2 2.19.2-1 opensearch-analysis-smartcn-plugin 2.19.1-2 2.19.2-1 opensearch-analysis-stempel-plugin 2.19.1-2 2.19.2-1 opensearch-analysis-ukrainian-plugin 2.19.1-2 2.19.2-1 opensearch-anomaly-detection-plugin 2.19.1.0-1 2.19.2.0-1 opensearch-asynchronous-search-plugin 2.19.1.0-1 2.19.2.0-1 opensearch-cross-cluster-replication-plugin 2.19.1.0-1 2.19.2.0-1 opensearch-dashboards 2.19.1-1 2.19.2-1 opensearch-dashboards-alerting-plugin 2.19.1.0-1 2.19.2.0-1 opensearch-dashboards-anomaly-detection-plugin 2.19.1.0-1 2.19.2.0-1 opensearch-dashboards-gantt-chart-plugin 2.19.1.0-1 2.19.2.0-1 opensearch-dashboards-index-management-plugin 2.19.1.0-1 2.19.2.0-1 opensearch-dashboards-maps-plugin 2.19.1.0-1 2.19.2.0-1 opensearch-dashboards-notifications-plugin 2.19.1.0-1 2.19.2.0-1 opensearch-dashboards-observability-plugin 2.19.1.0-1 2.19.2.0-1 opensearch-dashboards-query-workbench-plugin 2.19.1.0-1 2.19.2.0-1 opensearch-dashboards-reports-plugin 2.19.1.0-1 2.19.2.0-1 opensearch-dashboards-security-plugin 2.19.1.0-1 2.19.2.0-1 opensearch-discovery-azure-classic-plugin 2.19.1-2 2.19.2-1 opensearch-discovery-ec2-plugin 2.19.1-2 2.19.2-1 opensearch-discovery-gce-plugin 2.19.1-2 2.19.2-1 opensearch-geospatial-plugin 2.19.1.0-1 2.19.2.0-1 opensearch-index-management-plugin 2.19.1.0-1 2.19.2.0-1 opensearch-ingest-attachment-plugin 2.19.1-2 2.19.2-1 opensearch-job-scheduler-plugin 2.19.1.0-1 2.19.2.0-1 opensearch-knn-plugin 2.19.1.0-1 2.19.2.0-1 opensearch-mapper-annotated-text-plugin 2.19.1-2 2.19.2-1 opensearch-mapper-murmur3-plugin 2.19.1-2 2.19.2-1 opensearch-mapper-size-plugin 2.19.1-2 2.19.2-1 opensearch-ml-commons-plugin 2.19.1.0-1 2.19.2.0-1 opensearch-neural-search-plugin 2.19.1.0-1 2.19.2.0-1 opensearch-notifications-plugin 2.19.1.0-1 2.19.2.0-1 opensearch-observability-plugin 2.19.1.0-1 2.19.2.0-1 opensearch-performance-analyzer-plugin 2.19.1.0-1 2.19.2.0-1 opensearch-reports-scheduler-plugin 2.19.1.0-1 2.19.2.0-1 opensearch-repository-azure-plugin 2.19.1-2 2.19.2-1 opensearch-repository-gcs-plugin 2.19.1-2 2.19.2-1 opensearch-repository-hdfs-plugin 2.19.1-2 2.19.2-1 opensearch-repository-s3-plugin 2.19.1-2 2.19.2-1 opensearch-security-plugin 2.19.1.0-1 2.19.2.0-1 opensearch-sql-plugin 2.19.1.0-1 2.19.2.0-1 opensearch-store-smb-plugin 2.19.1-2 2.19.2-1 opensearch-transport-nio-plugin 2.19.1-2 2.19.2-1 oxc-language-server 0.16.10-1 0.16.11-1 oxlint 0.16.10-1 0.16.11-1 plasma-wayland-protocols 1.17.0-1 1.18.0-1 pnpm 10.10.0-1 10.11.0-1 pop-sound-theme 5.5.1.r7.g25ea85d-1 5.5.1.r7.g25ea85d-2 pulumi 3.169.0-1 3.170.0-1 python-onnx 1:1.17.0-5 1:1.18.0-1 python-openrazer 3.10.2-1 3.10.3-1 python-pycurl 7.45.4-1 7.45.6-1 python-pysequoia 0.1.27-1 0.1.28-1 python-pytorch 2.7.0-4 2.7.0-5 python-pytorch-cuda 2.7.0-4 2.7.0-5 python-pytorch-opt 2.7.0-4 2.7.0-5 python-pytorch-opt-cuda 2.7.0-4 2.7.0-5 python-pytorch-opt-rocm 2.7.0-4 2.7.0-5 python-pytorch-rocm 2.7.0-4 2.7.0-5 python-ruff 0.11.9-1 0.11.10-1 python-uv 0.7.3-1 0.7.4-1 rebels-in-the-sky 1.0.29-1 1.0.30-1 rio 0.2.15-1 0.2.16-1 ruff 0.11.9-1 0.11.10-1 rust-analyzer 20250505-1 20250512-1 screen 5.0.1-1 5.0.1-2 sdl3 3.2.12-1 3.2.14-1 smlnj 110.99.7.1-1 110.99.8-1 spice 0.15.2-1 0.16.0-1 strawberry 1.2.10-1 1.2.11-1 svelte-language-server 0.17.13-1 0.17.14-1 syncthing 1.29.6-1 1.29.6-2 syncthing-discosrv 1.29.6-1 1.29.6-2 syncthing-relaysrv 1.29.6-1 1.29.6-2 talhelper 3.0.23-1 3.0.24-1 thunderbird 138.0-1 138.0.1-1 thunderbird-dark-reader 4.9.105-1 4.9.106-1 thunderbird-i18n-af 138.0-1 138.0.1-1 thunderbird-i18n-ar 138.0-1 138.0.1-1 thunderbird-i18n-ast 138.0-1 138.0.1-1 thunderbird-i18n-be 138.0-1 138.0.1-1 thunderbird-i18n-bg 138.0-1 138.0.1-1 thunderbird-i18n-br 138.0-1 138.0.1-1 thunderbird-i18n-ca 138.0-1 138.0.1-1 thunderbird-i18n-cak 138.0-1 138.0.1-1 thunderbird-i18n-cs 138.0-1 138.0.1-1 thunderbird-i18n-cy 138.0-1 138.0.1-1 thunderbird-i18n-da 138.0-1 138.0.1-1 thunderbird-i18n-de 138.0-1 138.0.1-1 thunderbird-i18n-dsb 138.0-1 138.0.1-1 thunderbird-i18n-el 138.0-1 138.0.1-1 thunderbird-i18n-en-gb 138.0-1 138.0.1-1 thunderbird-i18n-en-us 138.0-1 138.0.1-1 thunderbird-i18n-es-ar 138.0-1 138.0.1-1 thunderbird-i18n-es-es 138.0-1 138.0.1-1 thunderbird-i18n-et 138.0-1 138.0.1-1 thunderbird-i18n-eu 138.0-1 138.0.1-1 thunderbird-i18n-fi 138.0-1 138.0.1-1 thunderbird-i18n-fr 138.0-1 138.0.1-1 thunderbird-i18n-fy-nl 138.0-1 138.0.1-1 thunderbird-i18n-ga-ie 138.0-1 138.0.1-1 thunderbird-i18n-gd 138.0-1 138.0.1-1 thunderbird-i18n-gl 138.0-1 138.0.1-1 thunderbird-i18n-he 138.0-1 138.0.1-1 thunderbird-i18n-hr 138.0-1 138.0.1-1 thunderbird-i18n-hsb 138.0-1 138.0.1-1 thunderbird-i18n-hu 138.0-1 138.0.1-1 thunderbird-i18n-hy-am 138.0-1 138.0.1-1 thunderbird-i18n-id 138.0-1 138.0.1-1 thunderbird-i18n-is 138.0-1 138.0.1-1 thunderbird-i18n-it 138.0-1 138.0.1-1 thunderbird-i18n-ja 138.0-1 138.0.1-1 thunderbird-i18n-ka 138.0-1 138.0.1-1 thunderbird-i18n-kab 138.0-1 138.0.1-1 thunderbird-i18n-kk 138.0-1 138.0.1-1 thunderbird-i18n-ko 138.0-1 138.0.1-1 thunderbird-i18n-lt 138.0-1 138.0.1-1 thunderbird-i18n-ms 138.0-1 138.0.1-1 thunderbird-i18n-nb-no 138.0-1 138.0.1-1 thunderbird-i18n-nl 138.0-1 138.0.1-1 thunderbird-i18n-nn-no 138.0-1 138.0.1-1 thunderbird-i18n-pa-in 138.0-1 138.0.1-1 thunderbird-i18n-pl 138.0-1 138.0.1-1 thunderbird-i18n-pt-br 138.0-1 138.0.1-1 thunderbird-i18n-pt-pt 138.0-1 138.0.1-1 thunderbird-i18n-rm 138.0-1 138.0.1-1 thunderbird-i18n-ro 138.0-1 138.0.1-1 thunderbird-i18n-ru 138.0-1 138.0.1-1 thunderbird-i18n-sk 138.0-1 138.0.1-1 thunderbird-i18n-sl 138.0-1 138.0.1-1 thunderbird-i18n-sq 138.0-1 138.0.1-1 thunderbird-i18n-sr 138.0-1 138.0.1-1 thunderbird-i18n-sv-se 138.0-1 138.0.1-1 thunderbird-i18n-th 138.0-1 138.0.1-1 thunderbird-i18n-tr 138.0-1 138.0.1-1 thunderbird-i18n-uk 138.0-1 138.0.1-1 thunderbird-i18n-uz 138.0-1 138.0.1-1 thunderbird-i18n-vi 138.0-1 138.0.1-1 thunderbird-i18n-zh-cn 138.0-1 138.0.1-1 thunderbird-i18n-zh-tw 138.0-1 138.0.1-1 thunderbird-ublock-origin 1.63.2-2 1.64.0-1 timescaledb 2.19.3-1 2.20.0-1 timescaledb-old-upgrade 2.19.3-1 2.20.0-1 totem43.1+r37+gea6718427-143.1+r44+gbf65cd39c-1 typescript-svelte-plugin 0.3.46-1 0.3.47-1 ublock-origin 1.63.2-2 1.64.0-1 ugrep 7.4.2-1 7.4.3-1 unarchiver 1.10.8-4 1.10.8-5 unrealircd 6.1.9.1-1 6.1.10-1 upmpdcli 1.9.3-2 1.9.5-2 uv 0.7.3-1 0.7.4-1 wallabag 2.6.10-2 2.6.12-1 wikiman 2.14-1 2.14.1-1 xdg-desktop-portal 1.20.0-2 1.20.1-1 zed 0.186.8-1 0.186.9-1 pgbackrest - 2.55.1-1 :: Different sync package(s) in repository multilib x86_64 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- PACKAGE 20250515 20250517 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- lib32-json-c 0.18-1 0.18-2 lib32-sdl3 3.2.12-1 3.2.14-1

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The elementary OS 8.0.1 release back in March brought an appreciable set of improvements with it, including a much-improved Files app, but as ever in development: the work never stops! Project founder, Danielle Foré, recently recapped a few smaller features that have been issued to users of the Ubuntu-based Linux distribution as software updates, including: If you run elementary OS 8.x, install your updates and eat your greens, you should be benefitting from the changes listed above (if you don’t have them, go update to get ’em). But Danielle also gave us an early-look at an exciting new app and […]

You're reading elementary OS Preview Cool Upcoming Features, a blog post from OMG! Ubuntu. Do not reproduce elsewhere without permission.

Ubuntu 25.10 'Questing Quokka' will ship Loupe and Ptyxis as default image viewer and terminal apps in the upcoming October release.

You're reading Ubuntu is Replacing its Image Viewer and Terminal Apps, a blog post from OMG! Ubuntu. Do not reproduce elsewhere without permission.

A number of new personalisation features have been added to the Firefox New Tab page in the past year, including the ability to pick a background image from a small set of hand-picked pics and solid colours. Pleasant though those curated images are, they’re not to everyone’s tastes. This is why Mozilla’s engineers have been beavering away on a few enhancements to provide greater customisation — you can “test” them in the latest stable release, which is Firefox 138 at the time I write this. The big change is that you can now “upload your own image” to use as […]

You're reading Firefox Now Supports Custom Images on New Tab Page, a blog post from OMG! Ubuntu. Do not reproduce elsewhere without permission.

by George Whittaker

Bash scripting is often seen as a convenient tool for automating repetitive tasks, managing simple file operations, or orchestrating basic system utilities. But beneath its surface lies a trove of powerful features that allow for complex logic, high-performance workflows, and robust script behavior. In this article, we’ll explore the lesser-known but incredibly powerful techniques that take your Bash scripting from basic automation to professional-grade tooling.

Mastering Arrays for Structured Data Indexed and Associative Arrays

Bash supports both indexed arrays (traditional, numeric indexes) and associative arrays (key-value pairs), which are ideal for structured data manipulation.

# Indexed array fruits=("apple" "banana" "cherry") # Associative array declare -A user_info user_info[name]="Alice" user_info[role]="admin"

Looping Through Arrays

# Indexed for fruit in "${fruits[@]}"; do echo "Fruit: $fruit" done # Associative for key in "${!user_info[@]}"; do echo "$key: ${user_info[$key]}" done

Use Case: Managing dynamic options or storing configuration mappings, such as service port numbers or user roles.

Indirect Expansion and Parameter Indirection

Ever needed to reference a variable whose name is stored in another variable? Bash allows this with indirect expansion using the ${!var} syntax.

user1="Alice" user2="Bob" var="user1" echo "User: ${!var}" # Outputs: Alice

Use Case: When parsing dynamically named variables from a configuration or runtime-generated context.

Process Substitution: Piping Like a Pro

Process substitution enables a command’s output to be treated as a file input for another command.

diff <(ls /etc) <(ls /var)

Instead of creating temporary files, this technique allows on-the-fly data streaming into commands that expect filenames.

Use Case: Comparing outputs of two commands, feeding multiple inputs to grep, diff, or custom processors.

Using Traps for Cleanup and Signal Handling

Traps let you capture signals (like script termination or interruption) and execute custom handlers.

temp_file=$(mktemp) trap "rm -f $temp_file" EXIT # Do something with $temp_file

Common signals:

• EXIT: Always triggered when the script ends

• ERR: Triggered on any command failure (with set -e)

• INT: Triggered by Ctrl+C

Use Case: Cleaning up temporary files, resetting terminal states, or notifying external systems on exit.

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Hello community, here we have another set of package updates. Since I’m still recovering from my move back to Europe from Asia, I might be less responsive on the forum. So lets test these packages thoroughly so we can do another stable branch snap.

Current Promotions

• Find out all about our current Gaming Laptop the Hero with Manjaro pre-installed from Spain!
• Protect your personal data, keep yourself safe with Surfshark VPN: See current promotion

Recent News

• Manjaro 25.0 Zetar released
• Manjaro Summit public Alpha now available
• As of Linux 6.13.12, the 6.13 series is now EOL (End Of Life). Please install 6.14 stable and/or 6.12 LTS (Long Term Support).

Valkey to replace Redis in the [extra] Repository (click for more details) Previous News Finding information easier about Manjaro (click for more details) Notable Package Updates

• Linux-Firmware updates
• inputplumber 0.58.0
• powerstation 0.4.3
• KDE Gear 25.04.1
• KDE Frameworks 6.14.0
• Firefox 138.0.3
• Gambas 3.20.3
• GStreamer 0.13.6
• LibreOffice 24.8.7
• rhvoice 1.16.5
• rocm 6.4.0
• Vulkan 1.4.313.0

Additional Info Python 3.13 info (click for more details) Info about AUR packages (click for more details)

Get our latest daily developer images now from Github: Plasma, GNOME, XFCE. You can get the latest stable releases of Manjaro from CDN77.

Our current supported kernels

• linux54 5.4.293
• linux510 5.10.237
• linux515 5.15.182
• linux61 6.1.138
• linux66 6.6.90
• linux612 6.12.28
• linux613 6.13.12 [EOL]
• linux614 6.14.6
• linux615 6.15-rc5
• linux61-rt 6.1.134_rt51
• linux66-rt 6.6.87_rt54
• linux612-rt 6.12.16_rt9
• linux613-rt 6.13_rt5
• linux614-rt 6.14.0_rt3

Package Changes (Thu May 15 09:37:03 CEST 2025)

• testing core x86_64: 22 new and 22 removed package(s)
• testing extra x86_64: 1903 new and 1879 removed package(s)
• testing multilib x86_64: 15 new and 15 removed package(s)

A list of all package changes can be found here.

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Hello community, here we have another set of package updates. Since I’m still recovering from my move back to Europe from Asia, I might be less responsive on the forum.

Current Promotions

• Find out all about our current Gaming Laptop the Hero with Manjaro pre-installed from Spain!
• Protect your personal data, keep yourself safe with Surfshark VPN: See current promotion

Recent News

• Manjaro 25.0 Zetar released
• Manjaro Summit public Alpha now available
• As of Linux 6.13.12, the 6.13 series is now EOL (End Of Life). Please install 6.14 stable and/or 6.12 LTS (Long Term Support).

Valkey to replace Redis in the [extra] Repository (click for more details) Previous News Finding information easier about Manjaro (click for more details) Notable Package Updates

• Kernel updates
  • including toolchain update
• Firefox 138.0.1
• Thunderbird 138.0
• Mesa 25.0.5
• Pamac 11.7.3
• GStreamer 1.26.1
• GTK 4.18.5
• LibreOffice 25.2.3
• Wine 10.7
• GRUB with CVE fixes
• Plasma 6.3.5
• QEMU 10.0.0

Additional Info Python 3.13 info (click for more details) Info about AUR packages (click for more details)

Get our latest daily developer images now from Github: Plasma, GNOME, XFCE. You can get the latest stable releases of Manjaro from CDN77.

Our current supported kernels

• linux54 5.4.293
• linux510 5.10.237
• linux515 5.15.182
• linux61 6.1.138
• linux66 6.6.90
• linux612 6.12.28
• linux613 6.13.12 [EOL]
• linux614 6.14.6
• linux615 6.15-rc5
• linux61-rt 6.1.134_rt51
• linux66-rt 6.6.87_rt54
• linux612-rt 6.12.16_rt9
• linux613-rt 6.13_rt5
• linux614-rt 6.14.0_rt3

Package Changes (Fri May 9 17:30:30 CEST 2025)

• core x86_64: 23 new and 23 removed package(s)
• extra x86_64: 1539 new and 1537 removed package(s)
• multilib x86_64: 3 new and 3 removed package(s)

Package Changes (Tue May 6 12:33:52 CEST 2025)

• core x86_64: 68 new and 68 removed package(s)
• extra x86_64: 2489 new and 2608 removed package(s)
• multilib x86_64: 39 new and 39 removed package(s)

A list of all package changes can be found here.

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Welcome to the May 2025 edition of the LF Newsletter. We’ve got exciting LF announcements, new research surveys in the field, project milestones, and can't miss events! We are so glad you’re here. Check out the highlights, save the dates, and be sure to register for upcoming events!

Canonical commits to donating $120k to the open source developers building the projects and tools that help power the Ubuntu ecosystem.

You're reading Canonical Donating $120,000 to Open Source Projects This Year, a blog post from OMG! Ubuntu. Do not reproduce elsewhere without permission.

by George Whittaker

In an age where data breaches and cyber threats are growing both in frequency and sophistication, securing your Linux system is more important than ever. Ubuntu, one of the most popular Linux distributions, comes with a powerful security tool that many users overlook — AppArmor. Designed to provide a robust layer of defense, AppArmor enhances Ubuntu's built-in security model by confining programs with access control profiles.

This article will walk you through the ins and outs of AppArmor, explain why it's a crucial part of a hardened Ubuntu system, and teach you how to leverage it to protect your environment.

Understanding AppArmor: What It Is and Why It Matters

AppArmor (Application Armor) is a Mandatory Access Control (MAC) system that supplements the traditional Discretionary Access Control (DAC) provided by Linux file permissions. While DAC relies on user and group ownership for access control, MAC goes a step further by enforcing rules that even privileged users must obey.

AppArmor operates by loading security profiles for individual applications, specifying exactly what files, capabilities, and system resources they are allowed to access. This approach prevents compromised or misbehaving applications from harming the rest of the system.

AppArmor vs. SELinux

While SELinux (Security-Enhanced Linux) is another MAC system popular on Red Hat-based distributions, AppArmor is often preferred in Ubuntu environments for its ease of use, human-readable syntax, and simple profile management. Where SELinux can be daunting and complex, AppArmor offers a more user-friendly approach to strong security.

Core Concepts of AppArmor

Before diving into how to use AppArmor, it's important to understand its core concepts:

Profiles

A profile is a set of rules that define what an application can and cannot do. These are usually stored in the /etc/apparmor.d/ directory and loaded into the kernel at runtime.

Modes

• Enforce: The profile is actively enforced, and actions outside the defined rules are blocked.

• Complain: The profile logs rule violations but doesn’t enforce them, which is useful for debugging.

Profile Components

Profiles specify permissions for:

• File access (read, write, execute)

• Capabilities (e.g., net_admin, sys_admin)

• Network operations

• Signals and inter-process communications

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NordVPN has announced a major update to its Linux app, adding a much-requested GUI front-end that makes it easier to control, configure and monitor secure connections. Linux users have been able to use an official, comprehensive command-line interface for NordVPN for many years. The addition of a graphical user-interface (which can be used alongside the command-line one) should help the company broaden access to its services by making it easier to use NordVPN without needing to look up commands and type them in. NordVPN say the Linux GUI provides “visually rich elements and ease of use without compromising advanced features. […]

You're reading NordVPN Linux App Updated with New GUI, a blog post from OMG! Ubuntu. Do not reproduce elsewhere without permission.